Wind Integration Library

On this page can be found various reports on efforts to characterize the impacts of wind on power system operations and integration of wind generation. In an effort to try and house as much relevant information as possible on this page, please feel free to send suggestions to info@uwig.org on reports and other items that should be posted here. All items here are in the public domain.

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Click here to learn more about the Operating Impacts Project organized and conducted by the Utility Wind Integration Group

Download the UWIG publication Utility Wind Integration State of the Art

Papers

Download the paper "Utility Wind Integration and Operating Impact State of the Art," IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol. 22, No. 3, August 2007  - Posted with Permission

Download the paper "Best Practices in Grid Integration of Variable Wind Power: Summary of Recent US Case Study Results and Mitigation Measures," presented at the EWEC '07 Conference in Milan, Italy in May 2007

Download the paper "State of the Art of Design and Operation of Power Systems with Large Amounts of Wind Power, Summary of IEA Wind Collaboration," presented at the EWEC '07 Conference in Milan, Italy in May 2007

Download the paper "Grid Impacts of Wind Power Variability: Recent Assessments from a Variety of Utilities in the United States," presented at the 2006 European Wind Energy Conference (EWEC)

• Paper
• Presentation

Download the paper "Wind Power Impacts on Electric Power System Operating Costs, Summary and Perspective on Work Done to Date" presented at the Global WindPower Conference and Exhibition, March 29-31, 2004 (Adobe Acrobat file)

Download the paper "Grid Impacts of Wind Power: A Summary of Recent Studies in the United States," presented at the European Wind Energy Conference (EWEC) in June 2003

Summaries of Studies and Experience

Download the IEA Task 25 - Design & Operation of Power Systems with Large Amounts of Wind Power State-of-the-Art Report, 2007

International Energy Agency Report on Management Options and Strategies for Variability of Wind Power and Other Renewables, June 2005

US Studies

Arizona Public Service Wind Integration Cost Impact Study, September 2007

• Executive Summary only
• Full Report

Avista Corporation Wind Integration Study, March 2007

California ISO Final Report, Integration of Renewable Resources, November 2007

Download the California Energy Commission Public Interest Energy Research Program Intermittency Analysis Project Final Report, July 2007

• Final Report
• Appendix A - Intermittency Impacts of Wind and Solar Resources on Transmission Reliability
• Appendix B -Impact of Intermittent Generation on Operation of California Power Grid

Download the Minnesota Public Utilities Commission Statewide Wind Integration Study, November 2006

• Minnesota Wind Integration Study Final Report - Volume I
• Minnesota Wind Integration Study Final Report - Volume II Characterizing the Minnesota Wind Resource
• Minnesota Wind Integration Study Presentation

Download the Xcel Energy/Minnesota Department of Commerce Wind Integration Study, September 2004

• Final Report
• Wind Resource Characterization
• Report Presentation

Download the NYISO/NYSERDA New York State Wind Study, 2003

• Wind Power Phase 1 Report - Preliminary Overall Reliability Assessment, February 2004
• Overview of Wind Energy Generation Forecasting, December 2003
• Wind Turbine Electrical Characteristics, November 2003
• January 14th Technical Conference Presentation, January 2004
• Wind Power Phase 2 Report - System Performance Evaluation, March 2005
• Phase 2 Report Appendices, March 2005

Northwest Wind Integration Action Plan - published by the Northwest Power and Conservation Council, March 2007

Analysis of Wind Generation Impact on ERCOT Ancillary Services Requirements; GE Energy, March, 2008 (WinZIP Archive)

Download the We Energies Wind Impacts Project final report, March 2003

Canadian Studies

Alberta Electric System Operator Wind Integration Study, November 2005

• Phase 1 Report - Incremental Impact on System Operations with Increased Wind Power Penetration
• Phase 2 Report - Assessing the Impacts of Increased Wind Power on AIES Operations and Mitigation Measures

Maritime Provinces Wind Power Integration Study, April 2007

Analysis of the Impacts of Large-Scale Wind Generation on the Ontario Electricity System, April 2005

Ontario Wind Integration Study, October 2006

European Studies

European Wind Energy Association Report on Large Scale Integration of Wind Energy in the European Power Supply - December 2005

• Executive Summary
• Recommendations
• Full Report

Integration into the National Grid of Onshore and Offshore Wind Energy Generated in Germany, February 2005

• Press Release on the Study
• Summary of Results
• Energy Management Planning for the Integration of Wind Energy into the Grid in Germany, Onshore and Offshore by 2020

Irish All-Island Grid Study conducted jointly by the Republic of Ireland Energy Department and the Department of Enterprise, Trade and Investment (Northern Ireland), January 2008

• Study Overview
• Workstream 1
• Workstream 2A
• Workstream 2B
• Workstream 3
• Workstream 4

The Impact of Large Scale Wind Power Production on the Nordic Electricity System - Doctoral Dissertation by Hannele Holttinen of VTT, December 2004 - Also available on the publications page of VTT

The Costs and Impacts of Intermittency: An Assessment of the Evidence on the Costs and Impacts of Intermittent Generation on the British Electricity Network, March 2006

The Carbon Trust and DTI Renewables Network Impact Study - Annex 4: Intermittency Literature Survey and Roadmap, November 2003

In addition, the Wind Systems Integration Program at the U.S. Department of Energy's National Renewable Energy Laboratory has a number of papers, reports, and presentations on wind integration. To see these, click here.